Political Ideologies

Seeks to abolish the state entirely and replace it with private property, free markets, and voluntary contracts, with security, courts, and other services provided by competing private firms in an unregulated economy.

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Seeks a stateless, classless society in which property is held in common and production is organized by voluntary cooperation, with each person contributing by ability and receiving according to need, without any central authority or money.

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Places the individual self at the center, holding that each person should pursue their own interests free from imposed duties, rules, or institutions, and rejecting authority, collective claims, and abstract moral demands.

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Favors a stateless society built on voluntary exchange and cooperation among equals, with property based on personal use and labor, mutual credit and fair trade replacing both capitalist profit and government coercion.

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Promotes organizing society through revolutionary labor unions, which would run industry directly, coordinate through federations of workplaces, and use strikes and direct action to replace both capitalism and the state.

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Combines a market economy with strong political control, in which the state limits dissent and political freedoms while allowing private enterprise, on the view that order and firm leadership support economic growth.

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Seeks a middle path between left and right, avoiding strong ideological commitments and preferring pragmatic compromise, moderate reforms, and policies chosen case by case rather than derived from a single doctrine.

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A political tradition that applies Christian moral ideas to public life, backing a market economy tempered by social responsibility, support for family and community, and a welfare system grounded in solidarity and human dignity.

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Stresses individual freedom, constitutional limits on government, the rule of law, private property, and free trade, arguing that voluntary markets and minimal state interference produce prosperity and protect personal choice.

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Aims to uphold traditional values, established institutions, and social continuity, favoring gradual change, respect for religion and family, a strong national identity, and cautious skepticism toward rapid reform and untested ideas.

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A Marxist tendency that favors organizing workers into industrial unions alongside a political party, with the unions eventually taking over production and replacing the territorial state with councils based on workplaces.

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Combines the goals of collective ownership and economic equality with competitive elections and civil liberties, seeking to expand public ownership and social programs through the ballot box rather than through revolution.

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An economic outlook, rooted in Catholic social teaching, that wants productive property such as land and tools to be widely spread among families and local groups instead of concentrated in large corporations or the state.

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A far-right ideology that exalts the nation or race above the individual, embraces dictatorial leadership, strict social control, aggressive nationalism, and militarism, and rejects liberal democracy as well as class-based socialism.

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Casts politics as a struggle between ordinary people and a self-serving elite, and favors economic redistribution, stronger public services, and curbs on concentrated wealth, often under a charismatic leader claiming to speak for the majority.

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A Marxist approach holding that a disciplined vanguard party should lead the working class to seize power, then govern through a temporary revolutionary state to dismantle capitalism and build socialism.

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Emphasizes individual rights, limited and accountable government, rule of law, free expression, and open markets, while generally accepting that the state has a role in protecting freedoms and providing some public goods.

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Holds that workers and communities should directly own and run the means of production through voluntary, decentralized institutions, rejecting both private capital and centralized state control as sources of domination over ordinary people.

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A body of thought built on class analysis, holding that history is shaped by conflict over who controls production, and that capitalism will give way to a classless society in which workers collectively own the economy.

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Seeks to preserve established institutions, customs, and social order, accepting gradual change when needed, and favoring market economics, public safety, family, and community ties, while avoiding sweeping or abrupt reform.

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Pairs conservative views on national security and traditional values with an active foreign policy, often favoring strong armed forces, promotion of democracy abroad, and market-oriented economic policy at home.

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Promotes free markets through privatization, deregulation, lower taxes, reduced public spending, and open trade, arguing that competition and private enterprise allocate resources more efficiently than government and spur economic growth.

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A philosophy founded on reason, individual rights, and rational self-interest, holding that people should pursue their own happiness, that laissez-faire capitalism is the only moral social system, and that the state exists only to protect rights.

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Believes society can be improved through reform and scientific knowledge, supporting active government to expand rights, regulate business, reduce inequality, and promote social change in areas such as education and health.

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Rejects modern social and political change and longs to restore an earlier order, often one based on hierarchy, tradition, religion, and established authority, viewing progressive reforms as damaging to society's stability.

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Combines a rejection of coercive government with a religious outlook, arguing that faith, conscience, and moral teaching, rather than state power, should guide human conduct and organize voluntary communities of mutual aid.

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Argues that existing institutions are too bound to the owning class to be reformed, so the working class must overthrow the current order by force or mass action in order to establish a socialist system.

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Defends individual liberty, private property, and voluntary exchange as the foundations of a just society, and holds that government should be small and limited to protecting people from force, fraud, and theft.

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Frames politics as a contest between the common people and out-of-touch elites, and often pairs appeals to national identity, tradition, and sovereignty with skepticism toward established institutions, immigration, and international bodies.

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Favors a market economy combined with a strong welfare state, progressive taxation, labor protections, and public services, aiming to reduce inequality and insecurity through democratic reform instead of abolishing capitalism.

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Supports individual liberty and a market economy while accepting that government should correct inequality and market failures through regulation, public education, health care, and a safety net that widens opportunity for everyone.

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Seeks maximum personal freedom in social matters together with measures that promote equal opportunity, supporting civil liberties, voluntary association, and sometimes shared ownership of resources, while remaining wary of concentrated power.

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A form of one-party rule that stresses rapid state-led industrialization, collectivized agriculture, a centrally planned economy, and strong centralized authority concentrated in a single leader, justified as building socialism in one country.

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An economic system in which the state plays a leading role as owner, investor, or planner of major enterprises, directing capital for national goals while still operating through markets, wages, and the pursuit of profit.

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Advocates a socialist economy in which the government owns and directs major industries and planning, while generally preserving existing political institutions and pursuing gradual rather than violent transformation of society.

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Holds that society should be governed by trained specialists and engineers who rely on data and expert knowledge, rather than by politicians or ideology, to make decisions about the economy and public policy.

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A revolutionary Marxist current arguing that socialism cannot survive in one country alone, and that workers must pursue continuous, international revolution while opposing the rise of a privileged bureaucratic layer within workers' states.

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Holds that all human relationships should be voluntary, rejecting taxation and any compulsory authority as a form of coercion, and relying on the non-aggression principle, consent, and contracts to organize society.

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