Portrait of Saddam Hussein
Register of figuresNo. 109 of 124

Saddam Hussein

Role
Iraqi president
Lived
1937–2006
Country of activity
Iraq Iraq
Strongest axis
Autocratic 95%

Saddam Hussein was president of Iraq from 1979 until 2003 and led the Baath Party. He fought wars against Iran and Kuwait, repressed Kurdish and Shia uprisings, and was executed in 2006 after the US-led invasion.

In the 12 Axes register, Saddam Hussein leans hardest on Democratic – Autocratic: Autocratic 95%; the register median is Democratic 68%.

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The twelve axes

Where Saddam Hussein sits on each of the twelve axes, in four categories. The label is our estimate; the line under it says why.

Government

FederalUnitary 95%

Extremely Centralized

Ruled a centralised one-party state

DemocraticAutocratic 95%

Autocracy

President 1979–2003 with a personality cult

Security 95%Freedom

Totalitarian

Secret police and mass executions

Diplomacy

InternationalismNationalism 83%

Nationalist

Pan-Arab and Iraqi nationalism

Militarist 95%Pacifist

Expansionist

Invaded Iran in 1980 and Kuwait in 1990

Assimilationist 83%Multiculturalist

Monoculturalist

Arabisation campaigns and Anfal against Kurds

Economy

Collectivize 83%Privatize

Socialist

Baathist state-owned economy

Planned 83%Markets

Interventionism

Nationalised oil and major industry

Isolationism 83%Globalism

Protectionist

Sanctions and state control of trade

Society

IrreligiousReligious

Moderate

Secular Baath state, Faith Campaign in 1990s

ProgressiveTraditional 68%

Conservative

Conservative social order under Baath rule

Acceleration 68%Bioconservative

Technological

Ran nuclear and chemical weapons programmes

What stands out

Set against the median of all 124 figures in the register.

Most distinctive axis

Democratic – Autocratic

On Democratic – Autocratic, Saddam Hussein is at Autocratic 95%. The register median is Democratic 68%.

Most ordinary axis

Irreligious – Religious

On Irreligious – Religious, Saddam Hussein is at balanced 50%, almost the register median of balanced 50%.

Who is closest in the register

Country of this figure

Closeness is 100 minus the root-mean-square distance on all twelve axes.

Sources and image credit

Portrait: Iraqi News Agency, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons, cropped and resized.

About these positions

The tiers on this page are our estimates from public positions and policies. They are not an official statement by the person or the government concerned. Two independent passes scored every axis and a third settled the differences. How the register works. Found a mistake? Write to [email protected].